Internal Medicine — Old Senior Academic Day Lectures (Until Sep 2023)

Cardiomyopathy classification and management

EPAs mapped to this activity

None.

Competencies covered in this activity

1. Practise medicine within their defined scope of practice and expertise
1.3. Apply knowledge of the clinical and biomedical sciences relevant to Internal Medicine
1.3.8. Pharmacology as it relates to pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanism of action, routes of delivery and elimination, and adverse effects of medications
1.3.8.1. Analgesics
1.3.8.2. Antimicrobials
1.3.8.3. Cardiovascular medications
1.3.8.4. Endocrine medications
1.3.8.5. Immune modulating therapies
1.3.8.6. Neuropsychiatric medications
1.3.8.7. Respiratory medications
1.3.8.8. Systemic therapies for cancer
1.3.8.9. Drugs commonly used recreationally
1.3.8.10. Supplementary and complementary medications
1.4. Apply knowledge of the following systems, clinical scenarios, conditions, diseases and therapies applicable to Internal Medicine, including the manifestations, investigation, and management
1.4.1. Cardiac
1.4.1.1. Symptoms
1.4.1.1.1. Chest pain
1.4.1.1.2. Dyspnea
1.4.1.1.3. Palpitations
1.4.1.1.4. Syncope
1.4.1.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.1.2.1. Abnormal cardiac enzymes
1.4.1.2.2. Cardiac murmurs
1.4.1.3. Disorders
1.4.1.3.1. Acute coronary syndromes and their complications
1.4.1.3.2. Cardiomyopathies
1.4.1.3.3. Congestive heart failure
1.4.1.3.4. Coronary artery disease
1.4.1.3.5. Pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and tamponade
1.4.1.3.6. Pulmonary hypertension
1.4.1.3.7. Valvular heart disease
1.4.2. Vascular
1.4.2.1. Symptoms
1.4.2.1.1. Claudication
1.4.2.2. Findings
1.4.2.2.1. Peripheral edema
1.4.2.3. Disorders
1.4.2.3.1. Hypertension
1.4.2.3.2. Aortic aneurysm
1.4.2.3.3. Peripheral arterial disease
1.4.2.3.4. Peripheral venous insufficiency
1.4.2.3.5. Venous and arterial ulcers
1.4.3. Respiratory
1.4.3.1. Symptoms
1.4.3.1.1. Acute and chronic dyspnea
1.4.3.1.2. Cough
1.4.3.1.3. Hemoptysis
1.4.3.1.4. Wheeze
1.4.3.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.3.2.1. Interpretation of pulmonary function testing
1.4.3.3. Disorders
1.4.3.3.1. Bronchial asthma
1.4.3.3.2. Chronic obstructive lung disease
1.4.3.3.3. Interstitial lung disease
1.4.3.3.4. Pleural effusion
1.4.3.3.5. Pneumonia
1.4.3.3.6. Pneumothorax
1.4.3.3.7. Pulmonary embolism
1.4.3.3.8. Sarcoidosis
1.4.3.3.9. Lung neoplasms: primary and metastatic, including paraneoplastic syndromes
1.4.4. Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary
1.4.4.1. Symptoms
1.4.4.1.1. Acute and chronic abdominal pain
1.4.4.1.2. Dysphagia
1.4.4.1.3. Nausea and vomiting
1.4.4.1.4. Regurgitation
1.4.4.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.4.2.1. Ascites
1.4.4.2.2. Encephalopathy
1.4.4.2.3. Jaundice
1.4.4.2.4. Abnormal liver tests
1.4.4.3. Disorders
1.4.4.3.1. Acute and chronic constipation
1.4.4.3.2. Acute and chronic diarrhea
1.4.4.3.3. Bacterial peritonitis
1.4.4.3.4. Intestinal obstruction
1.4.4.3.5. Malabsorption syndromes
1.4.4.3.6. Upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding
1.4.4.3.7. Esophageal
1.4.4.3.7.1. Gastroesophageal reflux and its complications
1.4.4.3.7.2. Hiatus hernia
1.4.4.3.7.3. Motility disorders
1.4.4.3.7.4. Varices
1.4.4.3.7.5. Neoplasms
1.4.4.3.8. Gastroduodenal disease
1.4.4.3.8.1. Gastritis
1.4.4.3.8.2. Motility disorders
1.4.4.3.8.3. Peptic ulcers
1.4.4.3.8.4. Neoplasms
1.4.4.3.9. Small and large intestine
1.4.4.3.9.1. Diseases causing malabsorption, including celiac disease
1.4.4.3.9.2. Diverticular disease
1.4.4.3.9.3. Infectious diseases
1.4.4.3.9.4. Inflammatory bowel disease
1.4.4.3.9.5. Irritable bowel syndrome
1.4.4.3.9.6. Neoplasms: small intestine and colorectal
1.4.4.3.10. Hepatic
1.4.4.3.10.1. Acute and chronic hepatitis
1.4.4.3.10.2. Cirrhosis and its complications
1.4.4.3.10.3. Neoplasms: primary and metastatic
1.4.4.3.11. Biliary tract disease
1.4.4.3.11.1. Cholelithiasis and its complications
1.4.4.3.11.2. Sclerosing cholangitis
1.4.4.3.11.3. Neoplasms
1.4.4.3.12. Pancreatic disease
1.4.4.3.12.1. Acute and chronic pancreatitis
1.4.4.3.12.2. Neoplasms
1.4.5. Renal
1.4.5.1. Findings and investigations
1.4.5.1.1. Acid-base disturbances
1.4.5.1.2. Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
1.4.5.1.3. Hematuria
1.4.5.1.4. Proteinuria
1.4.5.2. Disorders
1.4.5.2.1. Acute renal failure
1.4.5.2.2. Acute tubular necrosis
1.4.5.2.3. Chronic kidney disease and its complications
1.4.5.2.4. Glomerulonephritis
1.4.5.2.5. Interstitial nephritis
1.4.5.2.6. Nephritic and nephrotic syndromes
1.4.5.2.7. Renal calculi
1.4.5.2.8. Renal tubular acidosis
1.4.5.2.9. Renovascular hypertension
1.4.5.2.10. Renal complications of diabetes, hypertension, and rhabdomyolysis
1.4.5.3. Therapies
1.4.5.3.1. Renal replacement therapy and transplantation
1.4.6. Endocrine and metabolic
1.4.6.1. Symptoms
1.4.6.1.1. Amenorrhea
1.4.6.1.2. Fatigue and malaise
1.4.6.1.3. Galactorrhea and gynecomastia
1.4.6.1.4. Hirsutism
1.4.6.1.5. Loss of libido
1.4.6.1.6. Weight gain and loss
1.4.6.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.6.2.1. Hyper- and hypocalcemia
1.4.6.2.2. Hyper- and hypoglycemia
1.4.6.2.3. Obesity
1.4.6.3. Disorders
1.4.6.3.1. Adrenal masses
1.4.6.3.2. Diabetes mellitus: type 1 and type 2
1.4.6.3.2.1. Complications of diabetes including retinopathy, neuropathy, vascular disease and ulcers
1.4.6.3.3. Hyper – and hypoadrenalism
1.4.6.3.4. Hyper – and hypoparathyroidism
1.4.6.3.5. Hyper – and hypothyroidism
1.4.6.3.6. Lipid disorders
1.4.6.3.7. Male hypogonadism
1.4.6.3.8. Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms
1.4.6.3.9. Pituitary masses
1.4.6.3.10. Thyroid enlargement and nodules
1.4.7. Neurological
1.4.7.1. Symptoms
1.4.7.1.1. Acute and chronic headache
1.4.7.1.2. Altered mental status and disorders of consciousness
1.4.7.1.3. Dizziness and vertigo
1.4.7.1.4. Syncope
1.4.7.1.5. Tremors
1.4.7.1.6. Weakness: local and generalized
1.4.7.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.7.2.1. Abnormal cranial nerve function
1.4.7.2.2. Determination of brain death
1.4.7.2.3. Increased intracranial pressure
1.4.7.3. Disorders
1.4.7.3.1. Acute spinal cord compression
1.4.7.3.2. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
1.4.7.3.3. Cerebral vascular disease: stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA)
1.4.7.3.4. Dementia and delirium
1.4.7.3.5. Guillain-Barré syndrome
1.4.7.3.6. Meningitis and encephalitis
1.4.7.3.7. Movement disorders including Parkinson’s syndrome
1.4.7.3.8. Multiple sclerosis
1.4.7.3.9. Myasthenia gravis
1.4.7.3.10. Peripheral neuropathy
1.4.7.3.11. Seizure disorders and status epilepticus
1.4.7.3.12. Brain neoplasms
1.4.8. Hematologic
1.4.8.1. Findings and investigations
1.4.8.1.1. Anemia
1.4.8.1.2. Eosinophilia
1.4.8.1.3. Lymphadenopathy
1.4.8.1.4. Splenomegaly
1.4.8.2. Disorders
1.4.8.2.1. Congenital and acquired bleeding disorders including, but not limited to hemophilia, diffuse intravascular coagulation, and thrombocytopenic purpura
1.4.8.2.2. Hemoglobinopathies
1.4.8.2.3. Hypercoaguable states
1.4.8.2.4. Leukemia
1.4.8.2.5. Lymphoma
1.4.8.2.6. Multiple myeloma and other dysproteinemias
1.4.8.2.7. Myelodysplastic
1.4.8.2.8. Myeloproliferative
1.4.8.2.9. Porphyria
1.4.8.2.10. Thrombophilia
1.4.8.2.11. Venous thromboembolic disease
1.4.8.3. Therapies
1.4.8.3.1. Anticoagulant therapy
1.4.8.3.2. Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolic disease
1.4.8.3.3. Transfusion of blood products
1.4.9. Musculoskeletal
1.4.9.1. Symptoms
1.4.9.1.1. Back pain
1.4.9.1.2. Muscular pain
1.4.9.1.3. Proximal muscle weakness
1.4.9.2. Disorders
1.4.9.2.1. Acute monoarthritis
1.4.9.2.2. Acute and chronic polyarthritis
1.4.9.2.3. Ankylosing spondylitis
1.4.9.2.4. Fibromyalgia
1.4.9.2.5. Gout and pseudogout
1.4.9.2.6. Osteoarthritis
1.4.9.2.7. Osteomyelitis
1.4.9.2.8. Paget’s disease of bone
1.4.9.2.9. Raynaud’s phenomenon
1.4.9.2.10. Rheumatoid arthritis
1.4.9.2.11. Scleroderma
1.4.9.2.12. Septic arthritis
1.4.9.2.13. Sero-negative arthropathies
1.4.9.2.14. Sjögren’s syndrome
1.4.9.2.15. Systemic lupus erythematosis
1.4.9.2.16. Temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica
1.4.9.2.17. Primary and secondary bone and soft tissue neoplasms
1.4.10. Immunologic
1.4.10.1. Amyloidosis
1.4.10.2. Immunoglobulin deficiencies
1.4.10.3. Immunosuppression secondary to cancer and immunomodulatory agents
1.4.10.4. Opportunistic infections
1.4.11. Dermatologic
1.4.11.1. Symptoms
1.4.11.1.1. Pruritus
1.4.11.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.11.2.1. Abnormalities of nails
1.4.11.2.2. Clubbing
1.4.11.2.3. Maculopapular eruptions
1.4.11.2.4. Petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis
1.4.11.2.5. Pigmented lesions
1.4.11.2.6. Urticaria
1.4.11.2.7. Vesicular eruptions
1.4.11.2.8. Skin and nail manifestations due to systemic disease
1.4.11.2.8.1. Celiac disease
1.4.11.2.8.2. Connective tissue disease
1.4.11.2.8.3. Endocrine and metabolic disease
1.4.11.2.8.4. Inflammatory bowel disease
1.4.11.2.8.5. Malignancy
1.4.11.2.8.6. Nutritional deficiencies
1.4.11.2.8.7. Systemic immunosuppression
1.4.11.3. Conditions
1.4.11.3.1. Bullous skin disease
1.4.11.3.2. Eczema
1.4.11.3.3. Erythema nodosum
1.4.11.3.4. Psoriasis
1.4.11.3.5. Stasis dermatitis
1.4.11.3.6. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
1.4.11.3.7. Toxic epidermal necrolysis
1.4.11.3.8. Skin cancer and pre-malignant conditions
1.4.12. Infection
1.4.12.1. Disorders
1.4.12.1.1. Infective endocarditis
1.4.12.1.2. Pneumonia
1.4.12.1.3. Infectious diarrhea
1.4.12.1.4. Clostridium difficile colitis
1.4.12.1.5. Intra-abdominal infections
1.4.12.1.6. Urosepsis
1.4.12.1.7. Meningitis and encephalitis
1.4.12.1.8. Bone and joint infections
1.4.12.1.9. Cellulitis and other skin infections
1.4.12.1.10. Necrotizing soft tissue infections
1.4.12.1.11. Fever of unknown origin
1.4.12.1.12. Fever in the immuno-compromised host
1.4.12.1.13. Fever in the hospitalized patient
1.4.12.1.14. Fever, skin diseases, and diarrhea in the returning traveler
1.4.12.1.15. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its treatment and complications, including but not limited to:
1.4.12.1.15.1. Fever
1.4.12.1.15.2. Weight loss
1.4.12.1.15.3. Dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis
1.4.12.1.15.4. Dysphagia, diarrhea
1.4.12.1.15.5. Anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
1.4.12.1.15.6. Metabolic derangements
1.4.12.1.15.7. Opportunistic infections
1.4.12.1.16. Malaria
1.4.12.1.17. Sexually transmitted infections
1.4.12.1.18. Tuberculosis, including intradermal testing and interpretation
1.4.12.2. Therapies
1.4.12.2.1. Spectrum of activity, adverse effects, and dose adjustments for antibiotics
1.4.12.2.2. Antimicrobial stewardship
1.4.12.2.3. Infection control in the hospital setting
1.4.12.3. Malignancy
1.4.12.3.1. Oncologic emergencies including, but not limited to:
1.4.12.3.1.1. Hypercalcemia
1.4.12.3.1.2. Spinal cord compression
1.4.12.3.1.3. Superior vena cava syndrome
1.4.12.3.1.4. Pleural and pericardial effusion
1.4.12.3.1.5. Tumour lysis syndrome
1.4.12.3.2. Screening and prevention
1.4.12.3.3. Complications of chemotherapy including myelosuppression and hyperemesis
1.4.12.3.4. Principles of diagnosis and treatment of the following:
1.4.12.3.4.1. Breast cancer
1.4.12.3.4.2. Ovarian cancer
1.4.12.3.4.3. Endometrial and cervical cancer
1.4.12.3.4.4. Urothelial cancer
1.4.12.3.4.5. Prostate cancer
1.4.12.3.4.6. Head and neck cancers
1.4.12.3.4.7. Para-neoplastic syndromes
1.4.13. Medical aspects of specific situations
1.4.13.1. Common medical emergencies
1.4.13.1.1. Life-threatening cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, metabolic, neurologic and other organ system dysfunction and abnormalities
1.4.13.1.2. Hyperthermia / hypothermia
1.4.13.1.3. Shock, including knowledge and identification of the different etiologies
1.4.13.1.4. Cardio-respiratory arrest
1.4.13.1.5. Poisoning
1.4.13.1.6. Severe drug reactions including but not limited to anaphylaxis and toxic epidermal necrolysis
1.4.13.1.7. Complications of chemotherapy
1.4.13.1.7.1. Febrile neutropenia
1.4.13.1.7.2. Tumour lysis syndrome
1.4.13.2. Peri-operative assessment and management
1.4.13.2.1. Hypertension as well as heart, lung, metabolic, and kidney diseases
1.4.13.2.2. Anticoagulants and anti-platelet agents
1.4.13.2.3. Prophylaxis for infection
1.4.13.2.4. Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism
1.4.13.3. Occupational considerations
1.4.13.3.1. Assessment of fitness to work
1.4.13.4. Medical aspects of mental illness and addiction
1.4.13.4.1. Depression presenting as physical illness
1.4.13.4.2. Effects of depression on the course of medical disease
1.4.13.4.3. Effects and side effects of psychiatric medications
1.4.13.4.4. Substance use, abuse and withdrawal
1.4.13.5. Pregnancy
1.4.13.5.1. Pregnancy induced change in blood volume, hemodynamics, and cardio-respiratory and renal physiology
1.4.13.5.2. Findings and investigations
1.4.13.5.2.1. Abnormal liver tests
1.4.13.5.2.2. Proteinuria
1.4.13.5.3. Pre-existing medical conditions
1.4.13.5.3.1. Hypertension
1.4.13.5.3.2. Valvular heart disease
1.4.13.5.3.3. Asthma
1.4.13.5.3.4. Disorders of glucose homeostasis including diabetes mellitus
1.4.13.5.3.5. Seizure disorders
1.4.13.5.3.6. Venous thromboembolic disease
1.4.13.5.3.7. Infectious diseases including HIV and hepatitis
1.4.13.5.4. Disorders with onset during pregnancy
1.4.13.5.4.1. Hypertensive disorders
1.4.13.5.4.2. Cardiomyopathy
1.4.13.5.4.3. Liver diseases
1.4.13.5.4.4. Seizures
1.4.13.5.4.5. Thrombocytopenia
1.4.13.5.5. Therapies
1.4.13.5.5.1. Endocarditis prophylaxis
1.4.13.5.5.2. Drug prescribing in pregnancy and post-partum period
1.4.13.6. The elderly
1.4.13.6.1. Symptoms
1.4.13.6.1.1. Constipation
1.4.13.6.1.2. Depression
1.4.13.6.1.3. Delirium
1.4.13.6.1.4. Falls and immobility
1.4.13.6.1.5. Frailty and failure to thrive
1.4.13.6.1.6. Gait instability
1.4.13.6.1.7. Urinary and fecal incontinence
1.4.13.6.2. Disorders
1.4.13.6.2.1. Dementia including Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy-body, vascular, and frontal lobe dementias
1.4.13.6.2.2. Nutritional deficiencies
1.4.13.6.2.3. Neglect/abuse
1.4.13.6.3. Therapies
1.4.13.6.3.1. Rational drug prescribing
1.4.13.7. End of life
1.4.13.7.1. Symptoms
1.4.13.7.1.1. Constipation
1.4.13.7.1.2. Delirium
1.4.13.7.1.3. Dyspnea
1.4.13.7.1.4. Nausea and vomiting
1.4.13.7.1.5. Pain
1.4.13.7.2. Disorders
1.4.13.7.2.1. Nutritional deficiencies
1.4.13.7.3. Therapies
1.4.13.7.3.1. Use of opioids and other medications
1.4.13.7.3.2. Principles of palliative care and medical aid in dying (MAID)
Training experiences included in this activity

None.